Vn-peters



UNITED STATES EPA LOUIS KOCH, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO PETER B.SWEENEY AND MICHAEL LACOUR.

MACHINERY FOR MAKING PAPER-PULP;

Specification of Letters Patent No. 13,412, dated August 7, 1855.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS KOCH, of New York, in the county and State ofNew York, have invented a new and useful Machine for Making Pulp fromWood and Fibrous Vegetable Substances; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description of the construct-ionand operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings,making a part of this specification, and to the letters of referencemarked thereon.

Figure l, is a longitudinal section at the line I, II, Fig. 3. Fig. 2,is a front view. Fig. 3, a top view and Fig. 4: a transverse A sectionat the line III, IV, Fig. l.

c The nature of my invention consists in the production of pulp fromwood or fibrous vegetable substances by the use of a series of rollers,each pair of rollers increasing gradually in diameter and speed inproportion as the substance, which is introduced between the rollerswith their bers parallel -to the length of the rollers, is extended orpressed out, and giving at the same time to one of every pair offriction rollers anvincrease of speed, so as to produce a slightdividingor separating mot-ion upon the substance, in connection with thepressure or extending process, parallel with its bers. By thisarrangement the wood or vegetable substance, lying during the wholeprocess parallel with their bers to the length of the rollers, is notonly pressed out and extended, but receives at the same time through theslight grinding motion of the rollers suicient friction to divide orseparate each ber from the other, without destroying the nature of thesame and thereby producing the required brous pulp.

A A are the main frames.

B are the feeding rollers.

B, B, B, &c., are the pressure or extending rollers, increasinggradually in diameter and speed in proportion as the wood or vegetablesubstance is increased or extended in surface. These rollers run inboxes (m, m) capable of sliding in suitable bearings in the frames (A,A).

h, h', it, h, &c., are screws attached to the upper boxes (m) andpassing through the bars (C, C) respectively, which latter are screwedrmly to the frames (A A By these screws the distances between therollers are regulated. The rollers have two deep recesses (a a) turnedin, one on each side, into which the plates (P, P) are tted, running thewhole length of the machine between the rollers, and forming side platesto guide the wood or vegetable substance.

D are plates resting upon the faces of the lower rollers and attached tothe side plates (P P,) in such a manner as to form a table between therollers for the pressed out wood or pulp to slide or pass upon from onesetof rollers to the next, said plates answering at the same time asknives for the lower rollers, by which the substance is scraped oftI therollers, in case the same should adhere to said rollers. The lower orlast plate (D) is conducted into a tub (H) in which the nished pulp iscollected. D are perforated plates attached to the side plates (P, P) insuch a manner as to be capable to be regulated, so as to bear againstthe faces of the upper rollers, and acting as knifes to scrape ofl1 thepressed out substance which should adhere to the rollers. A stream ofwater is conducted over each one of those perforated plates (D), runningthrough the holes in small streams, so as to be equally distributed overthe whole length of the rollers and the substance which is beingpressed.

Z `is a screw, lying on the front side of the machine, and running inbearings (T T) attached to the frame (A) and working into the wormwheels (w, w', fw, fw, &c.). On one end of this screw (Z) a handle (V)is attached, to work the machine by hand, or said screw will beconnected through gearing (to communicate to the same the proper speed)with an engine to be drawn by power.

7, r, r, r, &c., are shafts, one end of which run in bearings on theframe (A), and the other ends in brackets (s, s', s, s, &c.)respectively, attached to the frames g, g", &c. The upper feeding roller(B) is driven from the lower feeding roller through gearing (n), bothwheels having equal diameter, so as to give the same motion to the upperroller, which may be communicated to the lower one. The upper pressureor extending rollers B, B, B", &c., are driven from their correspondinglower rollers through gearing n, n", n, &c. The gearing of each pair ofthese pressure rollers is arranged in such a manner that while thediameters of each pair of rollers are equal their faces shall move atdifferent speed, and so that the face of the upper roller B moves at agreater speed than the face of its corresponding lower roller, and theface of the upper roller B moves at a less speed than the face of itscorresponding lower roller, and so on that the face ofthe upper rollermoves alternately faster and slower than the fact of its correspondinglower roller.

Instead of making each pair of rollers of equal diameters and giving thesame different speed, each pair of rollers may be made of differentdiameters relative to each other and having equal speed, excepting thefeeding rollers which must always be of equal diameters with equalspeed.

Motion being given to the screw (Z), the same will be communicated tothe shafts (r, 1", 7', r", &c.) through the worm wheels (fw, w', w, fw,)and from thence through the wheels (g, g, g, g, &c.) and (ppp p,&c.) tothe lower rollers (B,B,B,B, &c.) which again commupnicate motion to theupper rollers through the wheels n n n n, &c., as before described. Thewood or fibrous vegetable substance of the required length and thicknessis first soaked same length. ofr time in water and then introduced, asbefore mentioned, sidewse, that is with its fibers parallel to thelength of the rollers, and passes then between the different rollers, bywhich said substance is gradually pressed out or extended, and by thearrangement of giving to the faces of each pair of the extending rollersdilferent speed I produce a grinding or dividing motion, by which thesubstance is gradually separated while being pressed out and extended,withont disturbing the nature of the bers. A plentiful supply of wateris made to run through the perforated plates D upon the rollers and uponthe substance to keep the latter continually wet and in as soft a stateas possible, and to assist the substance in sliding easy over the platesD from one pair of rollers to the following, while the process ofextending and grinding or dividing the wood or fibrous vegetablesubstance into a fibrous pulp is going on.

lVhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent isThe combination of a series of rollers increasing gradually in diameterand speed in proportion as the wood or brous vegetable substance isextended or pressed out, the face or circumference of one of every pairof the extending rollers having a greater speed than the face of itscorrespondingroller, producing thereby a slight dividing or separationmotion in connec tion with the pressure upon the substance, whichseparates each fiber without destroying the same for the purpose ofmaking pulp from wood and fibrous vegetable substances in the mannersubstantially as described.

LOUIS KOCH. Signed in presence of- HENRY E. ROEDER, FREDERICK STRUBY.

